ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ БОТУЛОТОКСИНА ТИПА А ДЛЯ ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННОЙ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ РУБЦОВ И УЛУЧШЕНИЯ ЗАЖИВЛЕНИЯ РАН

THE USE OF BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A FOR POSTOPERATIVE PREVENTION OF SCARS AND IMPROVEMENT OF WOUND HEALING

 

Стерлева Екатерина Андреевна, Лечебный факультет, студент, Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет

Гиркина Диана Борисовна, Лечебный факультет, студент, Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет

Полянская Ангелина Андреевна, лечебный факультет, студент, Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет

Шахбазян Аида Мурадовна, Лечебный факультет, студент, Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет

Sterleva Ekaterina Andreeva, Faculty of Medicine, student, Stavropol State Medical University

Girkina Diana Borisovna, Faculty of Medicine, student, Stavropol State Medical University

Polyanskaya Angelina Andreevna, Faculty of Medicine, student, Stavropol State Medical University

Shahbazyan Aida Muradovna, Medical Faculty, student, Stavropol State Medical University

Аннотация: Ботулинический токсин типа А (БТА), нейротоксин, продуцируемый Clostridium botulinum, хорошо известен своим паралитическим действием за счет ингибирования высвобождения ацетилхолина в синаптическую щель. При заживлении ран он временно денервирует мышцы, сводит к минимуму силу растяжения краев раны и приводит к ускоренному заживлению ран с отложением и ремоделированием коллагена. Количество современных исследований, направленных на изучение эффективности БТА в предотвращении образования рубцов с каждым годом все больше, несмотря на отсутствие крупных и нормативных рандомизированных контролируемых испытаний (РКИ). Поэтому для получения высококачественных доказательств необходим обновленный метаанализ, включающий последние РКИ.

          БТА обладает рядом эффектов, которые можно использовать в том числе для улучшения заживления ран. Современные клинические испытания продолжают появляться каждый год, и обновленная информация, основанная на фактических данных, оправдана. Множество клинических исследований направлено на оценку эффективности и безопасности БТА.

          Важна роль активной профилактики рубцов в послеоперационном лечении рубцов. Было показано, что ботулинический токсин типа А (БТА) оказывает влияние на послеоперационные рубцы. Эффективность и безопасность инъекций БТА для профилактики рубцов послеоперационных ран постоянно вызывает серьезную озабоченность как у хирургов, так и у пациентов, поскольку патологические рубцы, включая гипертрофические и келоидные рубцы, сильно влияют на физическое и психологическое состояние человека, вызывая зуд, изъязвление, боль и контрактуры. Поэтому вопрос применения БТА становится актуальным и его применение в послеоперационном периоде является одним из современных направлений.

Abstract: Botulinum toxin type A (BTA), a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, is well known for its paralytic effect by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft. During wound healing, it temporarily denervates muscles, minimizes the force of stretching the edges of the wound and leads to accelerated wound healing with the deposition and remodeling of collagen. The number of modern studies aimed at studying the effectiveness of BTA in preventing scar formation is increasing every year, despite the absence of large and regulatory randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Therefore, an updated meta-analysis, including the latest RCTs, is needed to obtain high-quality evidence.

BTA has a number of effects that can be used, among other things, to improve wound healing. Modern clinical trials continue to appear every year, and updated evidence-based information is warranted. Many clinical studies are aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and safety of BTA.

The role of active scar prevention in postoperative scar treatment is important. Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) has been shown to have an effect on postoperative scars. The effectiveness and safety of BTA injections for the prevention of scars of postoperative wounds is constantly of serious concern to both surgeons and patients, since pathological scars, including hypertrophic and keloid scars, strongly affect the physical and psychological state of a person, causing itching, ulceration, pain and contractures. Therefore, the issue of the use of BTA becomes relevant and its use in the postoperative period is one of the modern directions.

Ключевые слова: ботулинический токсин типа А (БТА); послеоперационный рубец; мета-анализ; рубец; заживление ран.

Keywords: botulinum toxin type A (BTA); postoperative scar; meta-analysis; scar; wound healing.

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