UDC 504.064
This study substantiates the use of the COD/TSS ratio-the ratio of chemical oxygen demand to the concentration of total suspended solids-as a supplementary environmental indicator for assessing surface water quality in areas affected by wastewater discharges of various origins. Based on an analysis of long-term monitoring data from the Northern Dvina, Vychegda, Onega, and Zolotitsa Rivers, as well as drainage effluents from mineral extraction quarries, characteristic ranges of variation in the COD/TSS ratio were identified for different pollution sources. The results demonstrate that this ratio can be used to differentiate between natural and anthropogenic causes of elevated concentrations of suspended solids and organic compounds in river waters. When wastewater is diluted by river water, the COD/TSS ratio at the downstream monitoring station should fall between the values recorded at the upstream background station and in the discharged effluent. Failure to meet this condition indicates the presence of additional pollution sources. The COD/TSS ratio is proposed as an “arbitration” indicator for resolving disputes between water users and environmental regulatory authorities. Its broader application is recommended for monitoring drainage waters generated during mineral extraction, as well as for assessing the environmental impacts of dredging and dredged-material disposal in river estuaries.
chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, COD/TSS ratio, surface water quality, environmental monitoring, wastewater, drainage water, marginal filter, environmental indicator
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