MOSCOW ECONOMIC JOURNAL MOSCOW ECONOMIC JOURNAL Московский экономический журнал 2413-046X 106541 10.55186/2413046X_2025_10_11_249 plbcsm Землеустройство, кадастр и мониторинг земель Land Management, Cadaster, and Land Monitoring Землеустройство, кадастр и мониторинг земель INNOVATIONS OF CELLULAR AGRICULTURE IN THE USA Инновации клеточного сельского хозяйства США Жиганова Лариса Петровна Zhiganova Larisa Petrovna

кандидат биологических наук;

candidate of sciences in biology;

 Институт США и Канады Российской академии наук Москва Россия Institute of USA and Canada Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation 03 12 2025 03 12 2025 10 11 100 118 12 11 2025 https://e-integral.ru/en/nauka/article/106541/view

Клеточное сельское хозяйство предлагает альтернативы традиционному сельскому хозяйству и позволяет производить мясную и молочную продукцию без разведения и забоя животных. Разработки культивированного мяса уже подошли к этапу создания продуктов со сложной текстурой и вкусовыми качествами, которые приближаются к натуральным стейкам. Ключевыми проблемами новой отрасли сегодня является создание растительных каркасов (скаффолдов) для культивации мышечных клеток, чтобы воспроизводить архитектуру мышечных волокон, а также синтез эффективных и недорогих питательных сред без содержания фетальной бычьей сыворотки, которая является спорным компонентом с точки зрения этики, а ее высокая стоимость исключает применение в промышленном масштабе. Прогнозы развития отрасли при сохранении существующих темпов развития технологий позволяет ожидать, что к 2040 году треть всего объема мяса может быть выращена без участия животных.

Cellular agriculture offers alternatives to traditional farming, enabling the production of meat and dairy products without raising and slaughtering animals. Research into cultured meat has already reached the stage of creating products with complex textures and flavors approaching those of natural steaks. Key challenges in this emerging industry today include the creation of plant-based scaffolds for culturing muscle cells to replicate muscle fiber architecture, as well as the synthesis of effective and inexpensive nutrient media free of fetal bovine serum, a controversial ingredient from an ethical standpoint, and its high cost precludes industrial-scale use. Industry development forecasts, assuming current technological advancements continue, suggest that by 2040, one-third of all meat could be grown without the use of animals.

 клеточное сельское хозяйство культивированное мясо белковая инженерия биореакторы скаффолды cellular agriculture cultured meat protein engineering bioreactors scaffolds

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